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COP31 AND THE FOSSIL-FUEL QUESTION: ELECTRIFICATION, CLIMATE FINANCE AND JUST TRANSITION Why in the News? COP31 will be held in Antalya, Türkiye, from November 9–20, 2026, with Türkiye hosting the conference and Australia serving as President of Negotiations under the Türkiye–Australia partnership. The central debate is whether COP31 should explicitly address a transition away from …
Read MoreUN SEA LEVEL DECLARATION: STATEHOOD, MARITIME RIGHTS AND CLIMATE JUSTICE Why in the News? The UN General Assembly approved the Declaration on Sea Level Rise by consensus on September 24, addressing the scientific, financial, social and legal consequences of rising seas. Its significant provisions affirm that vulnerable low-lying island states can retain statehood, sovereignty, UN …
Read MoreRIVER-LINKING IS NOT THE SOLUTION Syllabus: GS-1: Water Resources GS-3: Issues Relating to Development WHY IN THE NEWS ? Policy Debate: Union Home Minister Amit Shah advocated resolving southern India’s water disputes and discussed linking rivers from the Brahmaputra to the Godavari and Cauvery. Pennaiyar Dispute: Tamil Nadu’s demand for a …
Read MoreA SHARED DISASTER, BEYOND BORDERS AND GEOPOLITICS Why in the News? On August 26, 2026, a glacial collapse and landslide near the Nepal-China border triggered devastating flash floods across Nepal. The event, initially mistaken for a 4.4-magnitude earthquake, was later linked to glacial collapse and a landslide equivalent to a 5.2-magnitude seismic event. Preliminary estimates …
Read MoreTHE $2 TRILLION ILLUSION OF CLIMATE FINANCE: SETTING THE RECORD STRAIGHT Syllabus: GS-3: Climate Change Climate Financing Why in the News? The Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) reported that global climate finance exceeded $2 trillion in 2024 for the first time. However, concerns have emerged that this headline figure masks the actual financial transfers from developed …
Read MoreFrance’s Heatwave Deaths: A Warning for the World Syllabus Linkage: GS Paper I: Geography and climate; GS Paper II: Governance and health; GS Paper III: Disaster management, environment and climate change; Essay Article Type: UPSC Rapid Revision Article | 360-degree Mains Analysis | Prelims Facts + Mains Dimensions 1. Why in News? France has recorded …
Read MoreHidden Fungal Networks Play Crucial Climate Protection Role Why in the News ? A recent study published in the journal Science has produced the first global map of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, revealing their enormous underground networks and highlighting their critical role in carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, and climate change mitigation. This comprehensive environmental impact …
Read MoreEl Niño, La Niña and “Godzilla El Niño” Understanding the World’s Powerful Climate Cycle UPSC CSE | GS Paper 1: Physical Geography | GS Paper 3: Environment, Agriculture, Disaster Management How to use this article First understand the mechanism: normal Pacific conditions, trade winds, Walker Circulation, El Niño and La Niña. Revise tables for Prelims: …
Read MoreEl Niño Threatens India’s Economy and Livelihoods Why in the News ? Forecasts indicate a high probability of El Niño developing during 2026–27, raising concerns about below-normal monsoon rainfall in India. Experts warn that its impact may extend beyond weather, affecting agriculture, employment, inflation, and overall economic stability, necessitating comprehensive environmental impact assessment of adaptation …
Read MoreIndia Abstains On UN Climate Change Resolution Vote Why in the News ? India abstained from voting on a United Nations General Assembly resolution supporting the International Court of Justice advisory opinion on climate obligations, citing concerns over its impact on the UNFCCC framework and climate negotiations involving environmental clearances and international commitments. India’s Position …
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