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Iran Strait Toll Move Challenges International Maritime Law Why in the News ? Iran’s reported decision to impose a toll on ships passing through the Strait of Hormuz has sparked global concern, with the U.S. and other nations arguing that it violates UNCLOS provisions and threatens freedom of navigation and global energy security. Issue: Iran’s …
Read MoreGlobal Aid Decline Raises Concerns Over Development Goals Why in the News ? According to OECD-DAC data, Official Development Assistance (ODA) witnessed a record 23.1% decline in 2025, raising concerns over global development financing, humanitarian support, and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) amid growing geopolitical and economic uncertainties. Key Trends in Global Aid …
Read MoreRESTART FOR GLOBAL ARMS CONTROL Why in the News? Summit Hosting: India will host the AI Impact Summit from February 16–20, 2026, marking the first time the forum is held in the Global South. Governance Focus: India aims to shape long-term AI governance through actionable recommendations, rather than pushing immediate binding regulations. Global Leadership: The …
Read MoreAFTER THE APPLAUSE: IMPLEMENTING THE INDIA–EU TRADE PACT Syllabus: GS-2:International Treaties & Agreements, Important International Institutions GS-3:Climate Change ,Sustainable Development WHY IN THE NEWS ? India and the European Union have concluded negotiations on a comprehensive free trade agreement, termed the “mother of all deals.” While political endorsement has generated optimism, attention has shifted to …
Read MoreIndia–EU Conclude Historic Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement Why in the News ? After negotiations spanning nearly two decades, India and the European Union have finalised their largest-ever Free Trade Agreement (FTA), covering goods, services, and strategic issues, significantly reshaping trade flows, market access, and geopolitical partnerships amid global economic uncertainty. Key Features and Economic …
Read MoreReviving Multilateralism for a Fragmented Global Order Syllabus: GS Paper – 2: Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India’s Interests, Important International Institutions, International Treaties & Agreements Why in the News? As the United Nations (UN) marks its 80th anniversary, the world faces an erosion of multilateral cooperation, with growing nationalism, weakening global …
Read MoreSHADOW OVER INDUS WATER TREATY Relevance: GS 2 – Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests Why in the news? The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT), a long-standing water-sharing agreement between India and Pakistan, has historically survived three wars between the two countries. However, the recent Pahalgam terror attack has …
Read MoreWhy in the news? Tariffs are likely being used as aggressive opening moves in a broader negotiation strategy, especially in bilateral contexts. The Trump administration’s approach, while strategic, tends to undermine established international institutions. It erodes mutual trust between trading partners and challenges the norms of multilateral cooperation. Understanding Trump’s Trade Approach and Its …
Read MoreWhy in the News ? Mark Carney became Canada’s Prime Minister, replacing Justin Trudeau, raising hopes for improved India-Canada relations. With Trudeau’s Khalistani-linked policies sidelined, India expects stronger trade, diplomacy, and security cooperation, potentially reviving CEPA negotiations and strengthening bilateral economic and strategic ties. About the Political Transition in Canada: Mark Carney became Canada’s Prime …
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