Comparing Indian & Western Secularism
Explore how Indian secularism fosters pluralistic respect among diverse religions, while Western secularism emphasizes strict separation and neutrality in public affairs.
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Explore how Indian secularism fosters pluralistic respect among diverse religions, while Western secularism emphasizes strict separation and neutrality in public affairs.
Read MoreWhy in News ? Recent Supreme Court judgments, especially involving Article 142 and federal disputes, have sparked criticism of judicial overreach. Concerns over separation of powers and democratic accountability have been raised, prompting a wider debate on the judiciary’s constitutional limits and responsibilities. Judicial Review: Essence, Scope and Criticism Though not explicitly stated, judicial review …
Read MoreWhy in the News? The Supreme Court of India quashed a criminal case against Congress MP Imran Pratapgadhi for a poem, reaffirming that artistic expression is vital to free speech and cannot be curbed merely due to majority disapproval. SC Quashes Case Against Imran Pratapgadhi: The Supreme Court of India quashed a criminal case against …
Read MoreSYLLABUS: GS 2: Statutory, Regulatory and various Quasi-judicial Bodies. Powers, Functions, and Responsibilities of Constitutional Bodies. Focus: The CEC and Other Election Commissioners Act, 2023, which gave the central government a majority vote in the appointments of the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and other election commissioners. Source: couseguide The ECI, an independent constitutional authority, ensures …
Read MoreIntroduction Political scientists classify governments into unitary and federal models based on the relationship between the national government and regional governments. Unitary governments have all powers vested in the national government, while federal governments divide powers between the national government and regional governments by the Constitution. Countries like Britain, France, Japan, China, Italy, Belgium, Norway, …
Read MoreIntroduction The Indian Constitution establishes a parliamentary form of government, both at the Centre and in the states. Articles 74 and 75 address the parliamentary system at the Centre and Articles 163 and 164 in the states. Modern democratic governments are classified into parliamentary and presidential systems based on the relationship between the executive and …
Read MoreIntroduction The “Basic Structure Doctrine” is a pivotal and transformative concept in the constitutional jurisprudence of India. It refers to a doctrine established by the Supreme Court of India, which holds that there are certain core principles and features of the Indian Constitution that are beyond the reach of the amending power of the Indian …
Read MoreIntroduction The Indian Constitution is a synthesis of both flexibility and rigidity, with a procedure that allows Parliament to amend the Constitution and its procedure. Article 368 in Part XX of the Constitution states that Parliament can amend any provision of the Constitution by addition, variation, or repeal, but cannot amend those that form the …
Read MoreIntroduction The Indian Constitution originally focused on fundamental rights rather than fundamental duties, viewing them as interconnected and inseparable from the citizens’ perspective. The duties of the State were incorporated as Directive Principles of State Policy. However, in 1976, fundamental duties of citizens were added, with one more added in 2002. These Fundamental Duties in …
Read MoreIntroduction The fundamental rights in the Indian Constitution are a set of essential rights and freedoms guaranteed to every citizen of India. These rights are enshrined in Part III of the Constitution and are considered the cornerstone of Indian democracy. They include the right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom …
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