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01Oct 2026

Digital Privacy in India: Surveillance and Doxxing

DIGITAL PRIVACY IN INDIA: SURVEILLANCE, DOXXING AND THE CHANGING NATURE OF STATE POWER Why in the News? Recent developments involving facial recognition, doxxing, deepfakes, electoral-roll verification and spyware have renewed debate over India’s privacy framework. Together, they demonstrate that contemporary privacy risks extend beyond conventional state surveillance to interactions among government agencies, private technology companies …

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01Oct 2026

AFSPA Explained: Security Powers and Civil Liberties

AFSPA: SPECIAL SECURITY POWERS, INTERNAL SECURITY AND CIVIL LIBERTIES Why in the News? The Union Ministry of Home Affairs has extended the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) for another six months from October 1, 2026, across specified areas of Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh, amid continuing security concerns and insurgency-related challenges. AFSPA PROVISIONS …

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26Sep 2026

Election Commission Independence & Its Appointment

THE ELECTION UMPIRE’S INDEPENDENCE BEGINS WITH ITS APPOINTMENT Why in the News? Independence of the Election Commission of India (ECI) has come into focus in the context of the appointment process of Election Commissioners. The Constitution, under Article 324(2), leaves the appointment of Election Commissioners subject to a law made by Parliament. During the Constituent …

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25Sep 2026

CEC Removal Process: Article 324 Explained

REMOVAL OF THE CHIEF ELECTION COMMISSIONER: CONSTITUTIONAL SAFEGUARDS AND PARLIAMENTARY PROCESS Why in the News? A political move to initiate proceedings for the removal of Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar has brought attention to the exceptionally high constitutional threshold for removing a CEC. Under Article 324(5), the CEC can be removed only through the same …

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25Sep 2026

Police Power vs Privacy Rights | UPSC GS2

Balancing Police Power and Privacy Syllabus GS 2: Police Reforms Why in the News? Recently a Supreme Court PIL raised concerns about police media briefings and photographs of accused persons before magistrate production. It seeks a uniform national approach balancing investigation with fairness. Introduction India needs a clear national framework for police publication of accused …

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25Sep 2026

ECI Appointments: SC Scrutiny & Independence

ELECTION COMMISSION APPOINTMENTS: JUDICIAL SCRUTINY AND INSTITUTIONAL INDEPENDENCE WHY IN THE NEWS ? The Supreme Court has delivered a split verdict on whether challenges to the Chief Election Commissioner and Other Election Commissioners Act, 2023 should be examined by a larger Constitution Bench. The disagreement concerns the constitutional safeguards required to ensure the independence and …

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25Sep 2026

Collegium System: SC–Executive Tensions in India

COLLEGIUM SYSTEM AND JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE: SUPREME COURT–EXECUTIVE TENSIONS WHY IN THE NEWS ? The Supreme Court has sharply responded to the Centre’s submissions concerning the Collegium system during hearings on the law governing appointments to the Election Commission. Justice Dipankar Datta defended the institutional role of the judiciary and criticised what he described as selective …

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23Sep 2026

Constituent Assembly Debate on UCC Explained

CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY DEBATE ON UNIFORM CIVIL CODE WHY IN THE NEWS ? Historical Debate: The Constituent Assembly debated the Uniform Civil Code (UCC) on 23 November 1948, when it considered the provision that eventually became Article 44. Constitutional Context: Members differed over balancing religious freedom, personal laws, gender equality, secularism and national integration. Contemporary Relevance: …

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27May 2026

Rajya Sabha Defections Raise Democratic Concerns

Rajya Sabha Defections Raise Constitutional Democratic Concerns Syllabus: GS-2: Indian Constitution, Parliament, State Legislature, Constitutional Amendments Why in the News ? The recent defection of seven Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) Rajya Sabha MPs to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) under the “merger” provision of the 10th Schedule has reignited debate over the scope of the …

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23May 2026

UAPA Bail Rules Sent to Larger Bench

Supreme Court Refers UAPA Bail Issue To Larger Bench Why in the News ? The Supreme Court of India has referred to a larger Bench the issue of whether prolonged imprisonment and delay in trial can override stringent bail restrictions under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), 1967 while granting interim bail to two Delhi …

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