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The Indian Constitution follows a parliamentary system of government in the states, similar to the central government. Part VI of the Constitution is dedicated to state government, with Articles 153 to 167 addressing the state executive. This state executive comprises the governor, the chief minister, the council of ministers, and the advocate general of the …
Read MoreIntroduction The Vice-President of India is the second-highest constitutional position in the country, holding an official rank just below the President. Inspired by the structure of the American Vice-Presidency, the Vice-President’s role is largely ceremonial and supportive, but pivotal in maintaining the functioning of the parliamentary system and ensuring a smooth legislative process in India. …
Read MoreMeaning Inter-state relations in India pertain to the interactions and relationships between the various federal units, including states and union territories. These relationships are governed by the Indian Constitution, with administrative relations covered in Part XI and trade and commerce in Part XIII. The inter-state relationship in India is typically cooperative, with states collaborating to …
Read MoreIntroduction The Centre-State relationship in India pertains to the distribution of powers and responsibilities between the federal government (the Centre) and individual states. This delicate balance is a fundamental aspect of India’s federal system, as enshrined in the Constitution, and is crucial for effective governance and cooperation between the two tiers of government. The Constitution …
Read MoreIntroduction Political scientists classify governments into unitary and federal models based on the relationship between the national government and regional governments. Unitary governments have all powers vested in the national government, while federal governments divide powers between the national government and regional governments by the Constitution. Countries like Britain, France, Japan, China, Italy, Belgium, Norway, …
Read MoreIntroduction The Indian Constitution establishes a parliamentary form of government, both at the Centre and in the states. Articles 74 and 75 address the parliamentary system at the Centre and Articles 163 and 164 in the states. Modern democratic governments are classified into parliamentary and presidential systems based on the relationship between the executive and …
Read MoreIntroduction The “Basic Structure Doctrine” is a pivotal and transformative concept in the constitutional jurisprudence of India. It refers to a doctrine established by the Supreme Court of India, which holds that there are certain core principles and features of the Indian Constitution that are beyond the reach of the amending power of the Indian …
Read MoreIntroduction The Indian Constitution is a synthesis of both flexibility and rigidity, with a procedure that allows Parliament to amend the Constitution and its procedure. Article 368 in Part XX of the Constitution states that Parliament can amend any provision of the Constitution by addition, variation, or repeal, but cannot amend those that form the …
Read MoreIntroduction The Indian Constitution originally focused on fundamental rights rather than fundamental duties, viewing them as interconnected and inseparable from the citizens’ perspective. The duties of the State were incorporated as Directive Principles of State Policy. However, in 1976, fundamental duties of citizens were added, with one more added in 2002. These Fundamental Duties in …
Read MoreIntroduction The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) in the Indian Constitution, which are enumerated in Part IV, were inspired by the Irish Constitution. The primary objective of DPSP is to establish a “Welfare State.” Unlike the focus on political democracy, DPSP aims to create social and economic democracy within the state. These principles serve …
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