Vande Mataram: Patriotism & Constitutional Freedom
Vande Mataram: Patriotism, Dissent and Constitutional Freedom Why in the News ? The 2026 amendment extends criminal-law protection to Vande Mataram, prohibiting intentional obstruction or disruption of its singing. The debate has renewed questions about compulsory participation, religious conscience, freedom of expression, and the Supreme Court’s Bijoe Emmanuel precedent. Vande Mataram: Historical and Constitutional Status: …
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