India’s First River Dolphin Estimation Reveals 6,327 Dolphins

Why in the News?

India’s first-ever riverine dolphin estimation recorded 6,327 dolphins across 28 rivers in 8 states. Released at the 7th National Board for Wildlife meeting, the report highlights Uttar Pradesh as having the highest population, emphasizing conservation efforts.

India’s First River Dolphin Estimation Reveals 6,327 Dolphins

Key Findings of the Report:

  • The first-ever riverine dolphin estimation in India recorded 6,327 river dolphins.
  • The survey covered 28 rivers across 8 states, with 3,150 man-days spent on fieldwork.
  • Over 8,500 kilometers of riverine habitat were surveyed.
  • Uttar Pradesh reported the highest dolphin population, followed by Bihar, West Bengal, and Assam.

Survey & Methodology

  • The estimation was conducted using scientific methodologies to ensure accuracy.
  • It involved collaboration between wildlife experts, forest officials, and conservationists.
  • The study focused on species distribution, habitat conditions, and conservation challenges.

Significance & Conservation Efforts

  • Released during the 7th National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) meeting at Sasan Gir, Gujarat.
  • Prime Minister highlighted the importance of awareness and conservation of river dolphins.
  • Findings will help in strengthening policies for dolphin conservation and river ecosystem health.
  • Supports India’s commitment to biodiversity preservation and aquatic ecosystem protection.

Dolphin Characteristics:

  • Ganges river dolphins are adapted to freshwater ecosystems.
  • They are functionally blind and use echolocation for navigation and hunting.
  • These dolphins surface every 30 to 120 seconds to breathe.
  • They usually live alone or in small groups.
  • Mothers give birth to one calf every 2-3 years.

Ecological Significance

  • Ganges river dolphins are India’s National Aquatic Animal.
  • They serve as key indicators of river health.
  • Their presence reflects the overall condition of the river ecosystem.
  • Conservation is crucial for maintaining biodiversity and sustaining the Ganga River.

Major Threats & Conservation

  • Threats: Accidental fishing gear entanglement, poaching for oil, habitat destruction, and pollution.
  • Conservation Efforts:
  • Project Dolphin and Vikramshila Ganges Dolphin Sanctuary protect their habitats.
  • National Ganga River Dolphin Day (5th October) promotes awareness.