Addressing Autism: Diagnosis, Causes and Care

Addressing Autism: Diagnosis, Causes and Care

Why in News ?

U.S. Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. announced new research on environmental toxins and autism, amid rising prevalence. The debate around causes, early diagnosis, and support has intensified, prompting calls for evidence-based strategies and improved public awareness globally.

Addressing Autism: Diagnosis, Causes and Care

Rising Prevalence and Diagnosis Trends:

  • Autism rates in the U.S. rose from 1 in 36 (2020) to 1 in 31 (2022).
  • Broader diagnostic criteria now include mild cases, raising detection.
  • Increased awareness and access to screening drive higher reported cases.
  • Experts stress the need for early diagnosis and timely intervention.

Priorities in Autism Care and Public Health

  • Focus must shift to early identification and individualised interventions.
  • Psycho-education for families and realistic support are crucial.
  • Address misinformation about vaccines to protect public health.
  • Improve maternal mental health care during pregnancy.
  • Recognise autism as a neurodevelopmental difference, not a disease, to reduce stigma and blame.

Understanding Autism and Its Causes :
● Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are marked by challenges in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviours.
● Detected in early childhood, but often diagnosed late.
● Genetics play a key role (up to 91% heritability).
● Environmental factors like parental age or prenatal pollution exposure may contribute, but no single toxin is proven.
● Vaccines, including MMR, do not cause autism — claims to the contrary are debunked.