Bagram Airbase: Geopolitical Flashpoint in Afghanistan’s Heartland

Bagram Airbase: Geopolitical Flashpoint in Afghanistan’s Heartland

Why in the News ?


Former US President Donald Trump claimed China now occupies Bagram Airfield, a key strategic base in Afghanistan vacated by the US in 2021. The Taliban denied Chinese presence, asserting full control over Bagram without any foreign troops or agreements.

Bagram Airbase: Geopolitical Flashpoint in Afghanistan’s Heartland

Strategic History of Bagram Airbase:

  • Location: Bagram is situated 60 km north of Kabul in Parwan province, a vital region linking northern and southern Afghanistan.
  • Built by the Soviets in the 1950s during the Cold War, it served as a Soviet stronghold during the 1979–89 war, deploying airborne troops and jets.
  • US President Eisenhower landed at Bagram in 1959, reflecting early US interest.
  • Post-Soviet withdrawal, it became a conflict zone between the Taliban and the Northern Alliance during the 1990s.

American Expansion and Exit Strategy

  • After 9/11, the US took control of Bagram, making it the epicentre of American operations during the War on Terror.
  • It was expanded to 77 sq km, with a 5-km runway, medical centres, and logistics.
  • Also housed a controversial detention centre, often compared to Guantanamo Bay.
  • The US vacated Bagram on July 2, 2021; it fell to the Taliban on August 15, 2021.
  • US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin emphasized that retaining Bagram would have required risking 5,000 troops.

China’s Strategic Interests and Taliban Relations

  • Trump claimed China has taken over Bagram due to its proximity to nuclear sites, but there is no evidence.
  • Taliban denied any Chinese troop presence or agreements.
  • China has recognized Taliban diplomats, signalling growing engagement.
  • With Xinjiang nearby, China is keen to prevent cross-border radicalism and is cautiously investing in Afghanistan.

Key Details about Bagram Airbase :

●Bagram Airbase was the largest U.S. military base in Afghanistan.
●It is located near the ancient city of Bagram, close to Charikar in Parwan province.
●The base lies at the junction of the Ghorband and Panjshir Valleys, offering strategic access across regions.
●Served as the epicentre of U.S. military operations during the War on Terror for around 20 years.
● Hosted troops, aircraft, logistics hubs, and even detention facilities.
● Played a pivotal role in counter-insurgency missions until the U.S. withdrawal in 2021.