Rare Petrified Fossil Unearthed in Jharkhand’s Rajmahal Hills

Why in the News?

A well-preserved petrified fossil was discovered in Rajmahal Hills, Jharkhand, by geologists and forest officials. This rare find offers insights into ancient ecosystems, highlighting the petrification process and contributing to India’s geological and paleontological research.

Rare Petrified Fossil Unearthed in Jharkhand’s Rajmahal Hills

Significant Discovery in Rajmahal Hills

  • A rare and well-preserved petrified fossil was discovered in Rajmahal Hills, near Barmasia village, Pakur district, Jharkhand.
  • Unearthed by geologists and forest officials, the find provides insight into Earth’s ancient past.
  • It highlights the geological importance of the region, adding to India’s rich fossil heritage.

Understanding the Petrification Process:

  • Petrification is a natural process where organic material is replaced by minerals, turning it into stone.
  • It occurs when organic tissues are buried under sediment and exposed to mineral-rich water over time.
  • Minerals gradually replace organic matter, preserving intricate structural details.
  • The process can fossilize both hard and soft tissues, leaving behind highly detailed fossils.

Scientific and Research Implications

  • The find contributes to the study of prehistoric ecosystems and geological transformations in India.
  • It supports paleontological research, helping scientists understand ancient plant and animal life.
  • Petrified wood, a common example, provides clues about past climate conditions and biodiversity.
  • This discovery underscores the need for further exploration and conservation of India’s geological sites.

About Rajmahal Hills: An Ancient Geological Marvel

  • One of India’s oldest hills, possibly second only to the Aravalli Hills.
  • Estimated to be 68 to 118 million years old.
  • Located in the Santhal Pargana division of Jharkhand.
  • Once part of the northern margin of the Gondwana supercontinent.
  • Formed due to volcanic activity during the Jurassic period, leading to the Rajmahal Traps.
  • Named after the town of Rajmahal in eastern Jharkhand.
  • Inhabited by the Sauria Paharia people, with Santhal communities in the valleys.
  • The Ganges River changes course around the hills, flowing east to south.
  • Francis Buchanan-Hamilton documented the region in the 19th century, describing its rugged and impenetrable terrain.