13th-Century Inscription Uncovered at Kalleshwar Temple Renovation

Why in the news?

  • A 13th-century stone inscription (Veeragallu) was recently discovered during the renovation of the ancient Kalleshwara Temple, highlighting its historical significance and rich heritage.
  • The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is located in Bagali, Davangere district, Karnataka.

13th-Century Inscription Uncovered at Kalleshwar Temple Renovation

Historical Background:

  • The Kalleshwar Temple was built during the rule of two Kannada dynasties: the Rashtrakuta Dynasty in the mid-10th century and the Western Chalukya Empire under King Tailapa II around 987 AD.
  • It is one of the oldest temples in the region and holds historical significance.

Architectural Highlights:

  • The temple is a single shrine structure facing east, with a sanctum, an antechamber (antarala), and two halls (sabhamantapa and mukhamantapa).
  • The Shikara (tower) of the temple represents early Cholan architecture.
  • The temple contains a large Shivalinga, believed to be over a thousand years old.
  • It is a protected monument of national importance under the Archaeological Survey of India.

About Veeragallu:

  • The stone inscription from 1283 AD is made of charcoal stone, measuring 4 feet by 5 feet.
  • It honours Ramachandra Chakravarti of the Sevuna dynasty, known as Yadava Narayana Bhujbala Praudhapratapa Chakravarti.
  • The lower part depicts two heroic brothers, Bhoja Narayana and Vambhava, in battle, defending cattle.
  • The central portion shows their journey to Kailasa, and the top illustrates their worship of a Shivalinga.

About Sevuna Dynasty:

  • The Sevuna dynasty ruled parts of Karnataka and Maharashtra and became independent in the 12th century.
  • Ramachandra Chakravarti, ruling from 1271-1312 AD, was known for his military success and cultural contributions.

Key facts about Kalleshwar Temple:

  • Built during the Rashtrakuta (mid-10th century) and Western Chalukya dynasties (987 AD), dedicated to Lord Shiva.
  • Famous for intricate soapstone architecture, it features a main shrine, open hall, and eight smaller shrines.
  • Protected by the Archaeological Survey of India.

About Archaeological Survey of India (ASI):

  • Established: 1861 by Alexander Cunningham; became a statutory body post-independence under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958.
  • Role: Responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural monuments across India.
  • Key Activities:
    • Surveys of antiquarian remains.
    • Exploration and excavation of archaeological sites.
    • Conservation and maintenance of protected monuments.
    • Ensures the protection and study of India’s vast historical heritage.

Sources Referred:

PIB, The Hindu, Indian Express, Hindustan Times