ST. MARTIN’S ISLAND

Context: St. Martin’s Island, the only coral island in Bangladesh, has recently come under the spotlight due to ongoing political unrest in the country.

St. Martin’s Island, the only coral island in Bangladesh, has been thrust into the spotlight due to rising political tensions. Located in the southeastern part of Bangladesh, this tiny island spans just three square kilometers and is home to approximately 3,700 people.

“The island’s strategic importance became evident when reports emerged suggesting that the U.S. might be interested in gaining control of it for military purposes. However, the U.S. State Department has denied these claims. Historically known as ‘Narikel Jinjira’ or ‘Coconut Island,’ St. Martin’s has seen various powers vying for control over the years. After the partition of British India in 1947, it became part of East Pakistan, and following Bangladesh’s 1971 Liberation War, it was integrated into Bangladesh. Its close proximity to Myanmar has kept it strategically significant.”

“St. Martin’s Island remains a crucial element in the complex landscape of South Asian geopolitics. Its location near key maritime routes and its proximity to both Myanmar and India make it a valuable asset, particularly in the context of the ongoing U.S.-China rivalry in the Indo-Pacific. Much like Diego Garcia, control over St. Martin’s Island would offer greater access to the Indian Ocean.”

The Indian Ocean Region has been a vital trade corridor for centuries. Today, it remains the busiest trade route, with approximately four-fifths of the world’s oil and gas shipments and one-third of bulk cargoes passing through it. This ensures global access to food, precious metals, and energy resources.