SHEIKH HASINA’S DOWNFALL: CHAOS AND DISCONTENT UNFOLD

Why in the news?

  • Sheikh Hasina’s leadership crisis has led to widespread unrest and violence in Bangladesh, overshadowing her past achievements.
  • Economic turmoil, corruption, and a violent crackdown on protests have fueled her downfall.

About Sheikh Hasina’s Downfall:

Leadership Crisis:

  • Sheikh Hasina, once hailed as Bangladesh’s “Iron Lady” for her control and leadership, has faced a significant downfall.
  • Her abrupt exit from power and the country has shocked many, contrasting with her previously strong grip on the student movement and national politics.
  • Domestic Unrest:
    • Her departure has led to chaos and violence in Bangladesh, with attacks on her party members, religious minorities, and police, resulting in deaths, injuries, and property damage.
    • Criticism includes allegations of her turning Bangladesh into a one-party state, with authoritarian practices including extrajudicial killings and suppression of opposition.
source:theeconomictimes
  • Economic and Political Fallout:
    • Despite overseeing substantial economic growth and infrastructure development, including a major bridge on the Padma River, Hasina’s governance faced criticism for disconnecting with the masses.
    • Corruption and the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated economic issues, leading to rising unemployment and foreign exchange reserve depletion.
    • Her handling of quota protests and subsequent violent crackdowns further damaged her public image and led to her political decline.
Chicken Neck Area:

  • Definition: A narrow land strip, about 22 km wide, connecting India’s northeastern states to the rest of the country.
  • Location: Lies between Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh.
  • Significance: Strategically important for connectivity and security; vulnerable due to its narrow width.

About Land Boundary Agreement (India-Bangladesh):

  • Signed: 2015
  • Resolution: Settled border disputes by exchanging 162 enclaves.
  • Demarcation: Defined 4,096 km of shared border.
  • Impact: Improved border management, addressed enclave residents’ statelessness, and enhanced bilateral relations.