Pong Dam Lake: Avian Sanctuary with Rising Bird Count

Why in the news?

The 2025 annual bird count at Pong Dam Lake Wildlife Sanctuary recorded an unprecedented surge, with 1,53,719 waterfowl of 97 species observed, highlighting its significance as a key habitat for migratory and native birds.

Pong Dam Lake: Avian Sanctuary with Rising Bird Count

Overview of the Sanctuary:

  • Located in the Shivalik Hills of Himachal Pradesh, Pong Dam Lake Wildlife Sanctuary is also known as Maharana Pratap Sagar.
  • Created by the construction of the Pong Dam on the Beas River.
  • Spans 307 sq km, making it one of Northern India’s largest wetlands.
  • Declared a Ramsar site in 2002 for its ecological significance.

Avian and Wildlife Richness

  • The 2025 annual bird count recorded 1,53,719 birds of 97 species, marking a significant surge in waterfowl.
  • Lies on the trans-Himalayan flyway, a critical stopover for migratory birds.
  • Key bird species include Bar-headed Geese, Pintails, Common Pochards, Coots, Grebes, Cormorants, Herons, and Storks.
  • Home to over 220 bird species and diverse fauna like Sambar Deer, Barking Deer, Wild Boar, Nilgai, Clawless Otter, and Leopards.

Conservation Significance and Challenges

  • Serves as an important wintering ground for migratory birds and supports rich biodiversity.
  • Habitat features include submerged vegetation, grasslands, and forests with trees like Eucalyptus, Acacia, and Shisham.
  • Conservation efforts focus on habitat protection and promoting sustainable tourism.
  • Continuous preservation is vital for maintaining this ecological treasure and supporting its diverse avian species.

About Pong Dam Lake Wildlife Sanctuary:

  • Location: Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh, in the Shivalik hills’ wetland zone.
  • Formation: Man-made reservoir due to Pong Dam on the Beas River.
  • Area: Spans approximately 307 sq km, one of Northern India’s largest wetlands.
  • Ramsar Site: Designated in 2002.
  • Flora: Submerged vegetation, grasslands, and forests with Eucalyptus, Acacia, and Shisham trees.
  • Fauna:
  • Avifauna: Over 220 bird species, including Bar-headed Geese, Pintails, and Common Pochards.
  • Wildlife: Sambar, Barking Deer, Wild Boar, Nilgai, Clawless Otter, and Leopards.