NEMATOCYSTS: NATURE’S CELLULAR WEAPONRY
What are Nematocysts ?
- Nematocysts are specialized cells, and are evolution’s unique solution for animal defence.
- Primarily found in jellyfish, corals, sea anemones, and hydras, nematocysts act as potent weapons.
- These cellular structures serve both in hunting prey and protecting against predators.
Source: Hindu
Features of Nematocysts ?
- Nematocysts contain coiled, thread-like tubules and toxin-filled bulbous structures.
- When triggered, nematocysts rapidly eject the tubule with an acceleration faster than a bullet.
- Among the fastest processes in the animal kingdom, this mechanism aids in efficient prey capture and predator deterrence.
Role in Cnidarian Feeding and Defense:
- Cnidarians, containing cnidocytes, utilize nematocysts in feeding and defence strategies.
- Specialized sensory structures on cnidocytes trigger nematocyst release upon contact with prey.
- Toxins in nematocysts vary, with some causing paralysis and others breaking down cells, ensuring effective predation or defence for cnidarians.
- Nematocysts showcase the intricate defence mechanisms that contribute to the success of cnidarians in aquatic environments.