• UGI USER
  • Dec 25, 2023
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NEMATOCYSTS: NATURE’S CELLULAR WEAPONRY

What are Nematocysts ?

  • Nematocysts are specialized cells, and are evolution’s unique solution for animal defence.
  • Primarily found in jellyfish, corals, sea anemones, and hydras, nematocysts act as potent weapons.
  • These cellular structures serve both in hunting prey and protecting against predators.
Source: Hindu

Features of Nematocysts ? 

  • Nematocysts contain coiled, thread-like tubules and toxin-filled bulbous structures.
  • When triggered, nematocysts rapidly eject the tubule with an acceleration faster than a bullet.
  • Among the fastest processes in the animal kingdom, this mechanism aids in efficient prey capture and predator deterrence.

Role in Cnidarian Feeding and Defense:

  • Cnidarians, containing cnidocytes, utilize nematocysts in feeding and defence strategies.
  • Specialized sensory structures on cnidocytes trigger nematocyst release upon contact with prey.
  • Toxins in nematocysts vary, with some causing paralysis and others breaking down cells, ensuring effective predation or defence for cnidarians.
  • Nematocysts showcase the intricate defence mechanisms that contribute to the success of cnidarians in aquatic environments.