NCERT REVICES CLASS 12TH HISTORY BOOK: HARRAPANS INDEGENIOUS, DOUBTS OVER ARYAN MIRGRATION

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NCERT revises Class 12 history book, challenges Aryan migration theory, alters Harappan origins narrative.

source:edurev

About the Inclusion of Rakhigarhi Findings:

Focus on Harappan Civilization: NCERT introduced changes emphasising the indigenous roots of the Harappans and casting doubts on Aryan migration.
NCERT proposes adding DNA analysis findings from Rakhigarhi to Class 12 history textbooks.
Changes in Sociology Textbooks:
Reference to adverse effects of Narmada Dam project on tribal people to be revised.
Removed mention of scheduled castes and tribes marked by poverty, powerlessness, and social stigma.
Alterations in Political Science Textbooks:
NCERT removes references to Babri Masjid demolition and emphasises Ram Janmabhoomi movement.
Focus shifts towards Ram Temple construction rather than Babri Masjid controversy.

About Indo-Aryans and Invasion:

● White-skinned Indo-Aryans invaded around 1500 BCE, enforcing Vedic Sanskrit and Hinduism.

● Consequences of Invasion:

● Indo-Aryans destroyed Dravidian civilization, oppressed locals, and forced relocation southward.

Key Facts about Rakhigarhi:

● Location: Located in Hisar district, Haryana, in the Ghaggar-Hakra river plain.

● Significance: Largest Harappan site in the Indian subcontinent, dating back to 2600-1900 BCE.

● Threats: Facing destruction due to rampant soil mining, encroachment, and theft of artefacts.

Major Findings:

● Settlements: Mature Harappan township with mud-brick and burnt-brick houses, featuring a proper drainage system.

● Seals and Pottery: Notable cylindrical seal with Harappan characters and an alligator symbol, along with red ware pottery.

● Rituals and Burials: Animal sacrificial pits, fire altars, female skeletons buried with pottery and jewellery.

Other Antiquities: Blades, terracotta and shell bangles, copper objects, animal figurines, inscribed steatite seals, and sealings.

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