ISRO’s POEM-4 Enhances In-Orbit Experiment Capabilities

Why in News ?

ISRO’s POEM-4, launched on December 30, 2024, carried 24 experimental payloads and showcased key technologies for space servicing and debris management. It recently re-entered Earth’s atmosphere, highlighting India’s growing capabilities in sustainable, low-cost space experimentation and orbital innovation.

Introduction to POEM-4 and Mission Highlights :

  • POEM-4 (PSLV Orbital Experiment Module-4) is ISRO’s innovative in-orbit experimental platform, developed by repurposing the spent fourth stage (PS4) of the PSLV-C60 rocket.
  • Launched on December 30, 2024, it hosted 24 experimental payloads — 14 from ISRO and 10 from private players, including start-ups and academic institutions.
  • A major objective was to support the SpaDeX (Space Docking Experiment)
  • POEM-4 showcased ISRO’s push for reusable and sustainable space infrastructure.

Technological Advancements and Capabilities

  • Payload capacity tripled compared to its predecessor, POEM-3.
  • Integrated advanced tech like:
    • Walking Robotic Arm for space servicing
    • Debris Capture Manipulator for space junk management
    • Gradient Control Reaction Wheel Assembly for platform stabilization
  • After payload deployment, it was maneuvered into a circular orbit of 350 km.
  • It was then passivated to eliminate risks of accidental explosions in space.

Re-entry and Significance

  • POEM-4 safely re-entered Earth’s atmosphere, landing in the Indian Ocean, monitored by ISRO’s IS4OM (Indian Space Situational Awareness and Monitoring)
  • The mission highlights India’s capabilities in low-cost innovation and in-orbit experimentation.
  • It also contributes to future goals like space docking, space station development, and enhancing space safety, marking a significant stride in India’s long-term space ambitions.

POEM-4: Key Highlights

●      Full Form: PSLV Orbital Experiment Module-4.

●      Developed by: ISRO, using the spent fourth stage (PS4) of PSLV-C60.

●      Mission: Part of SpaDeX (Space Docking Experiment).

●      Advancement: Has 3x more payload capacity than POEM-3.

●      Total Payloads: 24 (14 ISRO + 10 from NGEs like start-ups, academia).

●      Notable Payloads:

○       Walking Robotic Arm (RRM-TD): Performs inchworm-like motion for inspection and servicing.

○       Debris Capture Manipulator (by VSSC): Aids space debris removal.

○       Gradient Control RWA (by IISU): Enhances stabilization using reaction wheels.

●      Goal: Promote in-orbit experiments, debris management, and sustainable space tech.