Iran And Pakistan’s Dispute

News

• The precise military strikes by Pakistan “against terrorist hideouts” on non-Iranian villagers close to their shared border have been denounced by Iran’s Foreign Ministry as “unbalanced and unacceptable.”
• The announcement is made in the midst of bombings carried out by both countries in retaliation to target the purported terrorist strongholds of the other.
• The Foreign Ministry of Iran affirmed that it is committed to the policy of good neighborliness and brotherhood with Pakistan, but it also made clear that it views Pakistan’s territorial integrity and people’s security as a red line.
• The episode highlights the complicated and long-standing relationship between Pakistan and Iran, which is frequently tarnished by allegations of terrorist group support and cross-border infiltration.

The Development Of Issue

Iran Attack:Iran launched missile strikes on targets in Iraq and Pakistan, drawing harsh criticism from both countries;

• Reason for attack:
  • Iran has described the missile strikes as a retaliation for terrorist acts that have occurred inside its borders, the most recent of which were the bombings;
  • Iran has stated that among other things, terrorist organizations were the targets of the suicide bombing that claimed the lives of 84 people during a Qassim Suleimani memorial procession.
• Places where the attack happened: Iran attacked the Iraqi Kurdistan region, and in Pakistan it targeted the Balochistan province, which borders Iran, and serves as the base of the Sunni Muslim militant group Jaish al-Adl and the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps was responsible for carrying out the strikes.

Pakistan Response:

• Pakistan responded to the attacks by recalling its own Iranian ambassador from Tehran and expelling the Iranian ambassador;
• Following that, Pakistani fighter aircraft used precision-guided air-to-ground munitions to strike seven targets inside Iran;
• The revolutionary group Balochistan Liberation Force, which is fighting for the liberation of Balochistan, was the target of the attack;
• Pakistan claims that despite repeated requests, Iran has not acted and that Baloch insurgents are using Iranian territory to attack targets in Pakistan.

A Synopsis of Iran’s Baloch Resistance History

• The Baloch People are an ethnic group that lives in the Iranian province of Sistan and Baluchestan as well as the Pakistani province of Balochistan;
• Unlike the Pashtun, Sindhi, and Pakistani populations in Pakistan or the ethnic Persians in Iran, they speak the Balochi language and have a distinct cultural identity;
• Approximately 2 million Balochis reside in Iran, and approximately 7 million Balochis live in Pakistan. They are therefore severely marginalized and a minority group in both countries;
• Sistan and Baluchestan continue to be among the poorest areas of Iran, and the primarily Sunni Baloch minority has experienced religious persecution at the hands of the Shia state, particularly since the Revolution of 1979.

About Balochistan

Geography of the region:

• Balochistan is an area that is shared by Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan and this area is home to the ethnic Baloch people. It is a region that stretches along the Gulf of Oman. The region is mostly made up of desert and mountains. Its capital is Quetta.
• Pakistan’s Balochistan region is a large area recognized for its unexplored mineral wealth, particularly its oil and gas deposits.
• Balochistan is bounded to the east and southeast by the Sulaiman Range, which merges with the Central Brahui Range close to Quetta, and to the north and northwest by the Toba Kakar Range.
• The coastal plain is separated from the remainder of the plateau by the Central Makran Range and the Makran Coast Range to the south.
• Movement for Balochistan’s Independence:
  • The insurgency movement is transnational, operating in the southern Afghan province of Balochistan, the Iranian province of Sistan-Baluchestan, and Pakistan’s Balochistan province;
  • Baloch militant groups target foreigners, particularly Chinese workers, in addition to infrastructure, security posts, and gas projects;
  • The Balochistan Liberation United Front (BLUF), Lashkar-e-Balochistan, and the Balochistan Liberation Army are a few of the important militant organizations;
  • The significance of Balochistan to Pakistan:
  • Balochistan is a part of the vast China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which runs from Gwadar in Pakistan’s Balochistan to Xinjiang in China.

Effect On India In Respect To Iran-Pakistan Issue:

• The instability may have an impact on the Chabahar port project, which is situated in the Iranian province of Sistan-Baluchistan;
• There is a chance that the hostilities between Iran and Pakistan will turn into a war which will have a major impact on South Asian region stability;
• The conflict could spread to Afghanistan, where India has stakes in development projects, and on top, India would not want nuclear weapons to end up in the hands of non-state actors;
• Pakistan might intensify militancy in the region to deflect attention away from its own citizens during election season.

Source: newsonair

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