India’s Progress in Eliminating Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)

Why in News ?

India is making significant progress in combating Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) through enhanced health initiatives, community engagement, and government policies. With nearly 12 NTDs affecting India, efforts to eliminate them have gained momentum, showing declining cases and improved healthcare responses.

India’s Progress in Eliminating Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)

Understanding NTDs and Their Impact:

  • Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, and toxins.
  • They primarily affect marginalized populations in tropical and subtropical regions with poor sanitation and healthcare access.
  • Common NTDs in India include Kala Azar, Elephantiasis (Lymphatic Filariasis), Dengue, Chikungunya, and Guinea worm disease.
  • India is affected by nearly 12 NTDs, making their elimination a public health priority.

Challenges in Eliminating NTDs

  • NTDs have been historically overlooked with low funding and global attention despite severe health and economic impacts.
  • Many are vector-borne, have human and animal reservoirs, and involve complex life cycles, making elimination difficult.
  • Lack of clean water, sanitation, and healthcare infrastructure exacerbates the spread.

India’s Efforts and Achievements

  • Political commitment, community engagement, and regional cooperation are driving India’s progress.
  • Intensified health system responses have led to declining cases of several NTDs.
  • Observance of World NTD Day on 30th January reinforces global and national commitments to eliminate these diseases.

Indian Initiatives to Eliminate NTDs:

  • Accelerated Plan for Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis (APELF) launched in 2018 to intensify NTD elimination efforts.
  • WHO-supported regional alliance (2005) by India, Bangladesh, and Nepal to improve early diagnosis, treatment, and disease surveillance for Kala-azar and control sandfly populations.
  • India has successfully eliminated several NTDs, including Guinea Worm, Trachoma, and Yaws, showcasing significant progress in disease control.