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Kargil Vijay Diwas 2023-

News: On Kargil Vijay Diwas, the President and the Prime Minister recently paid tribute to the armed services, praising their tremendous bravery and the triumph they had won.

Every year, on July 26, people celebrate Kargil Vijay Diwas.

The triumph of the Indian armed forces over Pakistan in the Kargil War is remembered on this day. The purpose of the day is to honour the bravery and sacrifice of the soldiers who fought in the 1999 conflict. The 24th Kargil Vijay Diwas will take place in 2023.

The Kargil War took place near the Line of Control (LoC) in the Kargil area of Jammu & Kashmir between India and Pakistan. Unexpected incursions by Pakistani soldiers into Indian territory led to the Kargil War. They took up strategic lookout posts in the Kargil area, sparking fierce military clashes.

In the 1999 Kargil War, the Indian Army battled valiantly to drive the Pakistani troops from the area while retaking the renowned “Tiger Hill” and other significant points nearby as part of “Operation Vijay.” Some of the battlegrounds reached altitudes of more than 18,000 feet, and it was fought at extremely high altitudes.

During the Kargil War, the Indian Army made extensive use of heavy artillery, air power, and massive infantry actions. The use of the Bofors FH-77B howitzers by the Indian side to destroy enemy fortifications perched at the summit of mountains was a first. India received Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) from Israel throughout the conflict.

International Day For The Conservation Of The Mangrove Ecosystem 2023-

News: Every year on July 26, people worldwide observe International Day for the Conservation of the Mangrove Ecosystem.

Every year on July 26, people worldwide observe International Day for the Conservation of the Mangrove Ecosystem. The UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) General Conference established this International Day in 2015. The goal is to increase understanding of the value of mangrove ecosystems as “a unique, special, and vulnerable ecosystem” and to advance strategies for their sustainable management, protection, and utilization.

Mangroves are distinctive coastal ecosystems that can be found worldwide in tropical and subtropical climates. Their intertidal zones, where land and sea meet, are home to a vast population of salt-tolerant trees and plants. They typically inhabit protected coastal regions, estuaries, lagoons, and tidal flats, where they are essential to preserving the ecosystem’s equilibrium.

The Red Mangrove (Rhizophora spp.), Black Mangrove (Avicennia spp.), White Mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa), and Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus) are a few common types of mangrove trees. Extreme weather conditions are no match for them, and they can live in environments with little oxygen.

Due to their inability to endure below-freezing conditions, they are primarily found in tropical and subtropical latitudes. Ten times more carbon may be stored per hectare in mangrove forests than in terrestrial ones.

African Union a Permanent Member Of The G-20-

News: The African Union’s request to become a permanent member of the G-20 has got a resounding endorsement from the group, according to India’s G-20 Sherpa.

The 55 member states that make up the nations of the African Continent make up the African Union (AU), a continental organization. It superseded the Organization of African Unity (OAU), which was established in 1963, and was formally inaugurated in 2002.

The main goal is to advance African nations’ interests globally while fostering their unity, cooperation, and development. In order to create an integrated, prosperous, and peaceful Africa, it seeks to improve political, economic, and social ties among African nations.

Its members are the chiefs of state and government of the member nations, making it the highest decision-making body. Composed of ministers responsible for foreign affairs, addresses policy issues and advises the Assembly.

The AU Commission The administrative branch, with its main office in Addis Abeba, is in charge of carrying out the decisions made by the Assembly and the Executive Council. The Peace and Security Council is in charge of preserving stability on the continent.

Through the Pan-African Parliament and the Economic, Social, and Cultural Council (ECOSOCC), the AU structure fosters the involvement of African individuals and civil society.

UNESCO’s Asia Pacific Cultural Heritage Award-

News: The UNESCO prize was given to the historic Byculla Railway station, which has been brought back to its former splendour.

Since 2021, UNESCO and Ng Teng Fong Charitable Foundation have partnered to support the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation. In 2020, UNESCO unveiled the ‘Special Recognition for Sustainable Development’ category and an updated set of Awards Criteria.

In the larger context of the UN 2030 Agenda, it is to highlight the role and contribution of cultural heritage to sustainable development. Since 2000, the private sector and public-private partnerships that have successfully conserved or restored buildings, locations, and other properties with historical importance in the region have been honoured with the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation.

Station at Byculla Railway: It was initially constructed in 1853. Nearly 150 years ago, Byculla Station saw the arrival of the nation’s first train.

STARFIRE Algorithm-

NEWS: An algorithm known as STARFIRE was created by researchers at the Raman Research Institute (RRI), an independent institute of the Department of Science and Technology.

It can calculate the Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) caused by communication devices, such as radar, satellites, mobile towers, FM radio stations, and Wi-Fi networks, and use that computation to design and optimize antennas.

The undesirable Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) waves in space can be estimated and mapped by it. It can aid in the creation of instruments that can perform optimally in the face of RFI, enhancing the data collected by upcoming space-based astronomy missions.

The choice of an orbit for upcoming missions can also benefit from this method. The scientists consulted data on FM transmitter stations located in six different nations. This model was created using data from stations in Canada (8,443), the United States (28,072), Japan (Tokyo – 21), Australia (2,664), Germany (2,500), and South Africa (1,731).