Coal Dust in Odisha Impacts Plant Carbon Uptake

Why in the news?

A study highlights how coal mining dust in Jharsuguda, Odisha, reduces plants’ ability to absorb carbon, exacerbating global warming. The research underscores the need for effective dust control measures to protect local ecosystems.

Coal Dust in Odisha Impacts Plant Carbon Uptake

Coal Mining in Jharsuguda:

  • Coal discovered in Jharsuguda, Odisha, in 1900; major coal producer, generating over 15 million tonnes
  • Open-cast mining leads to increased air pollution and disperses dust across the area.

Effect of Coal Dust on Plants:

  • Coal dust settles on plant leaves, clogging stomata (pores), reducing carbon dioxide absorption and impeding photosynthesis.
  • Plants absorb 2-3 grams less carbon per square meter due to dust coverage.
  • Dust hampers transpiration, affecting plants’ ability to regulate temperature and release water vapour, leading to stunted growth and potential death of plants.

Study and Findings:

  • Researchers used satellite data (Landsat, Sentinel-2, PlanetScope) to estimate dust accumulation on leaves around coal mines in Jharsuguda.
  • Study shows that coal dust reduces carbon absorption and increases atmospheric CO2, potentially worsening global warming.
  • Remote sensing methods, validated with field data, show that dust pollution monitoring is crucial for managing environmental impacts.
  • Suggested solutions include dust reduction measures like water sprays and barriers to protect local ecosystems.

Sources Referred:

PIB, The Hindu, Indian Express, Hindustan Times