Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary: Biodiversity and Cultural Gem

Why in the news?

The sanctuary is being developed as a cheetah habitat, aligning with India’s wildlife conservation efforts, while showcasing its rich biodiversity and historical landmarks.Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary: Biodiversity and Cultural Gem

Location and Ecological Significance:

  • Located in northwestern Madhya Pradesh, along the Madhya Pradesh-Rajasthan border.
  • Declared a sanctuary in 1974, covering an area of 368 sq. km within the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion.
  • Divided by the Chambal River, which enhances the sanctuary’s ecological diversity.
  • Features diverse vegetation, including northern tropical dry deciduous forests, mixed deciduous forests, and scrublands.
  • Hosts tree species like Khair, Salai, Kardhai, and Palash.11

Rich Wildlife and Aquatic Life:

  • Home to herbivores such as Chinkara, Nilgai, and Spotted Deer.
  • Carnivores include Indian Leopards and Striped Hyenas.
  • Aquatic fauna includes crocodiles, otters, and turtles, thriving due to the Chambal River.

Cultural and Conservation Highlights:

  • Steeped in cultural heritage, featuring landmarks like Chaturbhujnath Temple, Bhadkaji rock paintings, and Hinglajgarh Fort.
  • Represents a blend of ecological and historical significance.
  • Recently identified for developing a habitat for cheetahs as part of India’s wildlife conservation initiatives.
  • Offers a unique experience for nature and history enthusiasts.

Facts About Cheetahs:

  • Breeding: Year-round breeding; peak in rainy season.
  • Maturity: Females mature at 20-24 months, males at 24-30 months.
  • Gestation: 90-95 days; litters of 3-5 cubs.
  • Vocalizations: Communicate with chirps, not roars.
  • Territorial Behavior: Mark territories using scent, scratches, and vocalizations.
  • Speed: Fastest land animal, 0-100 km/h in 3 seconds.
  • Protection: Listed as Vulnerable (IUCN), Schedule 2 (Wildlife Protection Act), Appendix I (CITES)

The Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is a remarkable destination, combining rich biodiversity, historical landmarks, and conservation efforts to create a vibrant ecological and cultural treasure.

Sources Referred:

PIB, The Hindu, Indian Express, Hindustan Times