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Pilibhit Tiger Reserve: Protecting Wildlife and Biodiversity

Why in the news?

Pilibhit Tiger Reserve garnered attention for its critical role in tiger conservation and recent efforts to enhance biodiversity preservation in the Terai region along the India-Nepal border.

About Pilibhit Tiger Reserve: A Biodiversity Haven:

• Located in Uttar Pradesh, Pilibhit Tiger Reserve (PTR) spans the districts of Pilibhit, Lakhimpur Kheri, and Bahraich, nestled along the India-Nepal border.
• It forms part of the Terai plains, characterized by its rich ecosystem of flora and fauna, with dense moist deciduous forests.

Geographical and Natural Features:

• Rivers and Catchments: PTR is the origin of the Gomti River and serves as the catchment for rivers like Sharda, Chuka, and Mala Khannot. The Sharda Sagar Dam, stretching 22 km, forms its boundary.
• Vegetation: The reserve features North Indian moist deciduous forests dominated by sal trees, covering 76% of its area. Grasslands with species like Sacchrum and Imperata enhance its ecological diversity.
• Climate: PTR experiences a hot and dry climate, suitable for teak forests and Vindhya Mountain soils, adding to its unique landscape.

Diverse Flora and Fauna:

• Wildlife: The reserve is home to Bengal tigers, swamp deer, hog deer, and leopards, providing a critical habitat for these species.
• Avian Diversity: It hosts birds like the Swamp Francolin, Great Hornbill, Bengal Florican, and Lesser Florican, making it an important area for bird conservation.
• Ecosystem Balance: Periodic river flooding supports swamps and grasslands, ensuring the sustenance of its diverse ecosystems.

Pilibhit Tiger Reserve is a significant conservation area, safeguarding biodiversity and fostering ecological balance. Its strategic location and rich natural heritage make it vital for preserving wildlife and maintaining the region’s environmental stability.

Sources Referred:

PIB, The Hindu, Indian Express, Hindustan Times