Israel and Hezbollah: Renewed Tensions Amid Conflict

Why in the news?

  • Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu vowed continued strikes on Lebanon until Hezbollah stops firing rockets.
  • IDF tanks and armoured vehicles were moved toward Israel’s northern border, signalling possible escalation.
  • Recent Israeli attacks on Lebanon have killed over 700 people, displacing thousands.

Israel and Hezbollah: Renewed Tensions Amid Conflict

Historical Roots of Israel-Hezbollah Conflict:

  • Conflict traces back to 1948 when Palestinians displaced by Israel’s creation settled in southern Lebanon.
  • In response to Palestinian militant attacks, Israel invaded southern Lebanon twice, in 1978 and 1982, pushing the PLO out.
  • Israeli occupation led to the rise of Hezbollah in the 1980s, initially aiming to resist Israel, later seeking to establish an Islamic state in Lebanon.

Hezbollah’s Growth and Continued Resistance:

  • Hezbollah gained support through its social services and resistance against Israeli occupation.
  • Despite Israel’s military superiority, Hezbollah’s resilience led to Israel’s unilateral withdrawal in 2000.
  • The last major conflict occurred in 2006, with high casualties on both sides, but Hezbollah’s survival influenced regional militant tactics.
  • Tensions rise again as Israel’s focus shifts from Gaza to southern Lebanon.

Gaza War Impact:

  • Casualties: Over 41,000 Palestinians killed in Gaza following Hamas attacks and Israel’s retaliation.
  • Hostages: Approximately 100 hostages remain in Hamas captivity after 11 months of conflict.
  • Hezbollah Involvement: Hezbollah has engaged Israel through rocket fire, displacing residents.

Future Course of the War

  • Escalation Possibilities: Netanyahu hints at expanding military operations against Hezbollah.
  • Potential Attacks: Iran may coordinate with Hamas and Hezbollah for strikes on Israel.
  • Israeli Response: Possible aerial offensives against Hezbollah and Lebanese state structures.

Concerns for India

  • Community Safety: 18,000 Indians in Israel; 5,000-10,000 in Iran may be at risk.
  • Energy Security: Conflict could disrupt oil supplies, impacting India’s economy.
  • Strategic Relations: India’s investments in the region and projects like Chabahar may be affected.
  • Balanced Approach: India aims to maintain relationships with both Israel and Iran while promoting de-escalation.

Sources Referred:

PIB, The Hindu, Indian Express, Hindustan Times