• UGI USER
  • Jun 06, 2024
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TUBERCULOSIS KILLS APPROXIMATELY 480,000 INDIANS EACH YEAR, OVER 1,400 DAILY

Why in the news?

  • Tuberculosis remains a critical health issue in India, causing 480,000 deaths annually, prompting revised protocols for elimination efforts.
  • The Health Ministry aims to reinvigorate the TB elimination initiative, targeting the eradication of deaths, disease, and poverty caused by TB by 2025.
source:medium

About ICMR: Indian Council of Medical Research

  • Apex body for biomedical research in India (HQ: New Delhi).
  • Mandate: Conduct, coordinate, and implement medical research for societal benefit.
  • Funding: Government-funded via the Department of Health Research.
  • History: Among the world’s oldest medical research organizations.
What is Tuberculosis (TB)?

  • Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the Mycobacteriaceae family.
  • Bacterial infection spreads via droplets from coughs/sneezes.
  • Affects lungs (pulmonary TB) and other organs (extra-pulmonary TB).
  • Ancient disease, present since 3000 BC in Egypt.
  • Treatable and curable.

Types of TB

  • Pulmonary TB: Affects lungs, highly contagious after prolonged exposure.
  • Latent TB: No symptoms, not infectious, bacteria remain in the body.
  • Active TB: Symptoms develop if bacteria spread; 5-15% with latent TB develop active TB.

Treatment for TB:

Curable with antibiotics taken for 6-18 months.

Multiple antibiotics used due to resistance.

About Initiatives To Combat Tuberculosis :

Global Efforts:

  • WHO’s “Find. Treat. All. #EndTB” initiative with Global Fund and Stop TB Partnership.
  • WHO releases the Global Tuberculosis Report.

India’s Efforts:

Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyan

National Strategic Plan for Tuberculosis Elimination (2017-2025)

TB Harega Desh Jeetega Campaign

Nikshay Poshan Yojna

What are Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs)?

  • NCDs include heart disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes.
  • Leading cause of death globally.
  • Represent a significant and emerging global health threat.

Associated Article:

https://universalinstitutions.com/13576-2/