What's New

India – China Partnership

Relevance

• GS Paper 2  India and its neighborhood- relations. 
• Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and affecting India’s interests.
• Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora.
• Tags: #India #China #Indiachina #partnership #UPSC #GS2 #Internationalrelations.

Why in the news?

• Ongoing crisis in Ukraine and emerging conflicts in West Asia demand our attention.
• Traditional and non-traditional security threats are intertwined, leading to deficiencies in global peace, development, security, and governance.
• The state of the world prompts fundamental inquiries.
• These questions, raised by history and contemporary circumstances, challenge humanity to seek solutions.
• China and India, neighboring Asian civilizations, share common perspectives on humanity’s future and destiny.
• They possess the responsibility, capability, and the unique opportunity to guide the world forward, drawing upon Oriental wisdom.

China and India: A Collective Responsibility

China and India, coexisting for millennia, share a common perspective on the future and destiny of humanity. Chinese tradition upholds the concept of “a world of fairness and justice for the common good.” Ancient Indian literature includes the motto “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam.”

• Foundations of Peaceful Co-existence: In the 1950s, China and India jointly initiated the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence, now fundamental norms guiding international relations.
• Crucial Role of China and India: The world’s two largest developing countries with over one billion inhabitants each, stand at critical stages of development and rejuvenation. They possess the responsibility, capability, and the unique opportunity to provide guidance to humanity, drawing from Oriental wisdom.
• President Xi Jinping’s Vision: He emphasizes the creation of a global community of a shared future. The white paper “A Global Community of Shared Future: China’s Proposals and Actions” systematically outlines the theory, practice, and development of this vision over the past decade.

Key Principles of the Vision

• • The vision promotes greater synergy to achieve enduring peace.
  • It aims to establish a conducive environment for common security.
  • It seeks to instill greater confidence in common development.
  • It advocates for sustainable driving forces to facilitate mutual learning among civilizations.
  • It emphasizes the importance of taking more actions to protect the environment.

International Recognition and Support

• • The concept of a global community of shared future has been integrated into United Nations General Assembly Resolutions for six consecutive years.
  • It has also been incorporated into the resolutions and declarations of multilateral organizations such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) and BRICS.
  • The vision has garnered understanding and support from the international community, particularly among developing nations, and has a clear path for future development.

Vision Points

Direction of Economic Globalization

• Collaboratively construct an open global economy that caters to the needs and interests of developing nations.
• Reject unilateralism, protectionism, decoupling, and the zero-sum game mentality.

Right Path of Peaceful Development

• Embrace the pursuit of peace as a fundamental global necessity.
• Recognize that peace is an essential requirement, much like air and sunshine for individuals.
• The prevailing trend is toward peace, development, cooperation, and mutually beneficial outcomes.
• Discourage following the old path of colonialism and hegemonism, which leads to detrimental consequences.
• Advocate for working together to seek, preserve, and share peace, enabling countries to attain their development objectives and contribute more significantly to the world.

New Type of International Relations

• Build a global community of shared future to prevent falling into the Thucydides trap.
• Seek common ground and mutual development among emerging and established powers, as well as different civilizations and countries with varying social systems.
• Uphold principles of mutual respect, equity, justice, and mutually beneficial cooperation.
• Establish broader and deeper global partnerships based on equality, openness, and cooperation.

True Multilateralism

• Practice authentic multilateralism, avoiding the formation of exclusive groups in the guise of multilateral cooperation.
• Refrain from pursuing supremacy under the banner of multilateralism, which is essentially a form of unilateral thinking.
• Reject “selective multilateralism,” which involves applying double standards.
• Advocate for a world that is fair and free from domineering practices.
• Emphasize a single system, which is the international system centered around the United Nations.
• Promote a single global order rooted in international law.
• Adhere to a single set of rules for the world based on the fundamental norms governing international relations as outlined in the UN Charter.

Common Values of Humanity

• Promote shared values of peace, development, equity, justice, democracy, and freedom for all of humanity.
• Acknowledge that there is no universally applicable, one-size-fits-all model of democracy, and no single model is superior.
• Encourage the pursuit of common values while respecting differences, promoting harmony without uniformity, and recognizing the diversity of civilizations and the right of all countries to independently choose their social systems and development paths.

China and India: A Natural Partner

• With approximately one-third of the world’s population, China and India are naturally positioned to be collaborators in shaping a global community of shared future.
• China and India can unite and collaborate on global development, security, and civilizational initiatives to demonstrate the shared determination of Global South nations.
• Together, they aim to create a world that is open, inclusive, clean, and harmonious, characterized by enduring peace, universal security, and shared prosperity.

China’s Contribution

• Over the past ten years, China has dedicated itself to establishing a global community of shared future with unwavering commitment and tangible actions.
• The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has transformed into a widely embraced global public good and a collaborative platform offered to the international community by China.

Three Dimensional Initiatives for Human Progress

• The Global Development Initiative, Global Security Initiative, and Global Civilization Initiative collectively chart a course for human advancement across three vital dimensions.
• These initiatives have grown into a foundational element for constructing a global community of shared future and offer holistic solutions to the challenges faced by humanity.

Source: The Hindu

Mains question

In the context of the evolving India-China partnership, critically assess the economic, geopolitical, and strategic implications for both countries and their impact on the regional and global landscape.